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| ienklfb dy pihly idn qoN sfmrfjI srdfrI ivruwD jUJdf af irhf ikAUbf |
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jgdIÈ isMG cohkf
awj 26 julfeI dy idn, jdoN 1957 ƒ ikAUbf dy qfnfÈfh bfiqsqf dy mhwlF qy ienklfbI sMcflk mMzl vwloN hmlf kIqf igaf sI, smfjvfdI sfriQkqf dy pRqIk lokrfjI ikAUbf nfl eyÈIaf pYsIiPk dyÈF dy lokF vwloN iewkmuTqf df pRgtfvf kIqf jFdf hY. sfmrfjI amrIkf qoN kyvl 145 iklomItr dI dUrI `qy kYrIbIan sfgr `c ipCly 53 sflF qoN azol cmk irhf ieh \'\'lfl qfrf`` awj vI smfjvfdI pRsMgqf ƒ mËbUqI nfl pyÈ kr irhf hY. Auh sfmrfjI amrIkf, ijs dy ipCly 10 rfÈtrpqIaF dy kfl qoN ikAUbf `qy afriQk pfbMdIaF lfeIaF hoeIaF hn, awj Kud mMdI df iÈkfr hoieaf amrIkI jnqf dy guwsy df sfhmxf kr irhf hY. ikAUbf awj lfqInI amrIkf dy lokF df iewk ibMb bx ky sfmrfjI amrIkf dy pRBfv qoN mukq hox leI agvfeI kr irhf hY. ipCly smyN dOrfn amrIkf dI guwJI ivroDqf aqy Ault ienklfb ilafAux dIaF sfiËÈF dy bfvjUd, amrIkf aqy kYnyzf ƒ Cwz ky AuqrI aqy dwKxI amrIkI dyÈF dy sMG ƒ hor nyVy ilafAux `c ikAUbf df ienklfb ajy vI sfmrfjI Éqry aqy afriQk pfbMdIaF kfrn anykF duÈvfrIaF df sfhmxf krdf hoieaf awgy vwD irhf hY.
smfjvfdI brkqF qoN BYBIq hoey sfmrfjI amrIkf ny 1960 `c afeIjn hovr vyly qoN ikAUbf dI afriQk nfkfbMdI kIqI hoeI hY, jo awj vI jfrI hY. ies dy bfvjUd ikAUbf dI ivkfs dr 4[3 PIsd ƒ pfr kr geI hY. awj ikAUbf amrIkf sMG dy dyÈF, brfËIl, vYnËUeylf aqy cIn, rUs, bolIvIaf, Bfrq, afid dyÈF nfl afpxI imwqrqf ƒ hor mËbUq kr irhf hY. ikAUbf dy hux sbMD rIE-gruwp, lfqInI aqy kYrIbIan dyÈF nfl mËbUq hoey hn. XUrpIan sMG nfl sbMDF `c hor mËbUqI afeI hY aqy sfmrfjI afriQk GyrfbMdI dy bfvjUd 1,12,40,841 afbfdI vflf ieh inwkf ijhf smfjvfdI dyÈ awj dunIaf aMdr iswiKaf, ishq, KyzF, KyqI aqy mYzIkl cikqsf ivwc vwzIaF mwlHF mfr irhf hY. sfKrqf dr 99[8 PIsd, jIvndr 78[3 PIsd, pRqI ivakqI sflfnf afmdn 9700 zflr dI pRfpqI nfl lokF df jIvn pwDr hor sMvfiraf jf irhf hY. kimAUinst pfrtI dI agvfeI ivwc ikAUbf `c lok-pwKI qbdIlIaF jmhUrI aiDkfrF aqy kOmFqrI BfeIcfrk sFJ ƒ awgy vDfieaf jf irhf hY. awj lok rfjI ikAUbf dunIaf aMdr 21vIN sdI dy dUjy dhfky `c smfjvfdI ienklfb dI phuMc vflIaF swØiBafcfrk srgrmIaF df iewk mohrI dyÈ ikhf jf skdf hY.
sovIaq rUs dy tuwtx bfad smfjvfdI ivcfrDfrf aqy pRsMgqf ƒ lwgIaF cotF dy bfvjUd smfjvfdI gxqMqr ikAUbf mfrks-eyNglË aqy lYinn dy buinafdI isDFqF `qy aml krdy hoey awgy vwD irhf hY. mOjUdf rfj aMdr kfjkfrnI dIaF sfrIaF ÈkqIaF hyTly pwDr `qy coxF rfhIN cuxI jFdI kOmI lok asYNblI rfhIN inrDfrq kIqIaF jFdIaF hn. rOl kfstro kimAUinst pfrtI afÌ ikAUbf dy skwqr aqy dyÈ dy rfÈtrpqI hn. rIkfrzo eylyrIEn dyÈ df pRDfn mMqrI hY. 1917 dy mhfn rUsI akqUbr ienklfb ny sfrI dunIaf df smfjk aqy afriQk pwKoN nkÈf hI bdl idwqf. rUsI ienklfb ny mnuwK hwQoN mnuwK dI luwt vflI rfj swqf ƒ Éqm krky dunIaf `c lutyrIaF jmfqF ƒ iewk KuwlHI cuxOqI pyÈ kIqI. ikrqI jmfq df rfj swqf `qy kbËf pUMjIvfd leI iewk vMgfr sI. ies hoxI qoN pRBfvq ho ky gulfm dyÈF, kOmF aqy lqfVy hoey lokF vwloN afpxI mukqI leI dunIaf Br `c sMGrÈ aqy aMdoln afrMB idwqy. bhuq sfry gulfm dyÈF ny bsqIvfdI hfkmF ivruwD mukqI aMdoln ÈurU krky afËfdI pRfpq kIqI. ieh pihlf dOr mukqI aMdolnF aqy smfjvfdI AusfrI vwl vDx df sI. pUrbI XUrp, cIn, AuqrI korIaf ny pUMjIvfd qoN Cutkfrf pf ky smfjvfdI pulFGF puwtIaF. hr QF ikrqI jmfq dy hwkF leI sMGrÈ iCVy aqy aQfh pRfpqIaF vI hoeIaF.
ies lVI dy dUjy dOr ivwc pihlI jnvrI 1959 ƒ ikAUbf `c qfnfÈfh Pul gynsIE bfiqsqf df qÉqf plt ky PIdl kfstro aqy cI gvyrf dI agvfeI `c iewk gurIlf gruwp ny rfjswqf `qy kbËf krky ikAUbf ivwc smfjvfdI pRbMD dI nINh rwKI. PIdl kfstro ny lokF ƒ Aus vyly ikhf sI ik asIN mfrksvfdI-lYinnvfdI huMdy hoey iksy iewk kroVpqI df hwk nhIN dyxf, sgoN sfry ikAUbf vfsIaF dIaF buinafdI loVF pUrIaF krdy hoey hr dyÈvfsI ƒ mfx nfl rihx df hwk dyvFgy. amrIkI nfkfbMdI dy bfvjUd ikAUbf ny afriQk suDfr apxf ky Coty AudmF, Kud ruËgfr AudmF aqy inXMqrq mMzI sbMDF dI iejfËq dy ky afpxI arQivvsQf aqy smfjk ZFcy `c nvIN jfn pfeI hY. ikAUbf awj lfqInI amrIkI dyÈF `c sfmrfj dI srdfrI df ivroD aqy nv-AudfrvfdI ivvsQf dy bdl `c pRgqIÈIl bdlfa dI AusfrI `c bhuq vwzf Xogdfn pf irhf hY. awj Kwby pwKI aqy pRgqIÈIl qfkqF dy sfhmxy ikAUbf nfl iml ky cwlxf iewk muwK muwdf hY.
smfjvfdI gxqMqr ikAUbf `c Ault ienklfb ilafAux leI nfm-inhfd kuJ jQybMdIaF ny bdnfm amrIkI KuPIaf eyjMsI sIafeIey dI shfieqf nfl hux qwk anykF asPl Xqn kIqy hn. ikAUbf ƒ asiQr krn leI afriQk nfkfbMdI dy nfl-nfl ikAUbf qoN bfhr sfmrfjI amrIkf ny kuJ smfj ivroDI ansrF, iesfeI pfdrIaF aqy bhuq sfrIaF ÊYr-srkfrI sMsQfvF ƒ hr qrHF dI shfieqf dy ky ipCly 53 sflF `c smfjvfdI gxqMqr ikAUbf df qÉqf pltx leI 700 qoN vwD hiQafr bMd hmly krfey. ies vyly amrIkf `c ikAUbf ivroDI 40 qoN vwD gruwp srgrm hn, ijnHF ƒ amrIkf hr qrHF dI mdd dy irhf hY. kfmryz PIdl kfstro ƒ mfrn leI sIafeIey ny iewk hËfr qoN vwD asPl Xqn kIqy. pr ikAUbf dy dyÈ Bgq lokF ny ienHF sfmrfjI cflF ƒ hr vfr asPl krdy hoey smfjvfd aqy afpxy afgUaF dI pUrI rwiKaf leI PrË inBfey. dunIaf Br `c, Kfs krky lfqInI amrIkI dyÈF ivwc, sfmrfjI srdfrI ivruwD muwK BUimkf inBfa rhy ikAUbf nfl afE iewkmuTqf df pRgtfvf krIey aqy pUMjIvfdI smfj, jo pqn vwl jf irhf hY, ƒ Dwkf dyx leI bxdf Xogdfn pfeIey. BivwK smfjvfd df hI hY.
mo[ : 92179-97445
mfipaF dI dyx ƒ Buwlxf inrI hYvfnIaq
BuipMdr isMG bopfrfey
mfipaF df afpxI aOlfd pRqI kurbfnI Biraf qy smripq Bfvnf vflf jËbf ibafn krnf nfmumikn hI hY. iek mF afpxy bwcy ƒ nO mhIny iZwz ivc afpxI Kurfk df ihwsf KUn rfhIN dy ky iPr iek mOq dy brfbr dI pIVf sih ky jnm idMdI hY. iek mF afpxy suwK, afrfm qy cfa iqafgky hmyÈf afpxy bwicaF dy suwK, afrfm aqy cfvF df iKafl rwKdI hY. iek ipqf dI vI afpxI aOlfd pRqI dyx koeI Gwt nhIN huMdI. iek ipqf afpxI iËMdgI Gwty kOzIaF ivc rol ky bwicaF dI iËMdgI sMvfrn ivc aihm rol adf krdf hY.
ieh kuwl dunIaf jfxdI hY ik afpxy bwicaF pRqI mfipaF dI dyx df muwl, jy bwicaF ƒ swq jnm ijzI lMmI Aumr vI ikAuN nf iml jfvy, qF vI qfr nhIN huMdf, nIly aMbr qoN `qy koeI rwb huMdf hY ik nhIN ieh qy nhIN pqf, jo rwb suixaf vI ey qy vyiKaf vI hY, Auh hY mfipaF df rUp. ies gwl dI gvfhI hr Drm df Dfrimk gRMQ Brdf hY. mfipaF dI dyx df muwl afm iensfn ny qy kI dyxf hY, vwzy-vwzy pIr pYgMbr, sMq, gurU jF alI aOlIey vI nhIN dy sky, ijnHF dy kdmF `qy sfrI dunIaf JukdI rhI hY. Auh Kud afpxy mfipaF dy kdmF `qy Jukdy rhy hn.
pr hux ieh Ëmfny ƒ kI ho igaf hY, Ëmfny dI hvf KUn ƒ pfxI ikAuN krI jf rhI hY. lflcF dI igxqI ikAuN vDdI jf rhI hY. ijnHF df aMimRq vrgf duwD pIqf sI jF ijs dI AuNglI PV ky qurnf iswiKaf sI jF ijs koloN dfdI-dfdf, mF-pfpf, qfeI-qfieaf, afid kihxf iswiKaf sI, jF ijs dy koloN sfrI Aumr afpxI hr KuÈI, cfa jF rIJ pUrI kIqI sI jF ijs dy isr `qy AucI ivwidaf jF Aucy ruqby hfsl kIqy sn, AunHF mfipaF qoN hmyÈf kuJ nf kuJ mMgx vflI aOlfd awj ikvyN aYnI vwzI ho geI ik Auh afpxy mfipaF ƒ Dwky mfrn lwg peI qy Kud mfipaF qoN duwD pI ky afp pfxI vI iplfAuxf psMd nhIN krdI. mfipaF dIaF iswiKaf BrpUr gwlF ikAuN AUt-ptFg lwgx lwg peIaF hn. mfipaF dIaF CotIaF-CotIaF KuÈIaF jF rIJF df ikAuN glf Guwtx lwg pey hn, ikAuN mfipaF ƒ mfpy nf kih ky keI sIrI, pflI jF nOkr kihMdy KOPjdf nhIN huMdy. sfrI Aumr lMmIaF AumrF mMgx vfly mfipaF ƒ ikAuN mfiraf jf irhf ey, kOzI-kOzI joV ky DMn dOlqF jF ËmInF bxfAux vfilaF ƒ ibrD afÈrm ivc rihx leI mjbUr ikAuN kIqf jf irhf hY.
awDI-awDI rfq qwk bwicaF dI AuzIk krn vfly mfipaF ƒ ikAuN awKF qoN Auhly kIqf jf irhf hY. mfipaF dI kuwCV jF moiZaF `qy cVH ky jvfn hoey bwicaF ƒ mfpy ikAuN boJ lwgx lwg pey hn. ijnHF dy hwQoN duwD-mlfeIaF jF iKcVIaF KfDIaF AunHF ƒ ikAuN ruwKIaF-imwsIaF idwqIaF jf rhIaF hn? jykr myry svflF df nhIN iksy kol jvfb qF mYN iehI khFgf ik aijhI aOlfd nfloN qF byaOlfd hI cMgf. clo sfrI Aumr ieh qy Brm rhygf ik jykr aOlfd huMdI qF buZfpf sOKf qy byiPkrI ivc bIq jFdf.
nOjvfno sMBlo qy hoÈ ivc afvo, dunIaf dI hr ÈYa hfsl kIqI jf skdI hY, pr iek mfpy hn, jo iek vfr hwQoN Kus gey qF dubfrf hfsl nhIN ho skdy. ËrUrI hY ik mfipaF ƒ sFiBaf jfvy qy AunHF ƒ bxdf siqkfr idwqf jfvy.
mo[ : 98550-91442
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