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| pRxb muKrjI df rfÈtrpqI Bvn qwk df sPr |
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kml rbfrI
afm suxn ivwc afAuNdf hY ik iensfn dy idRV sMklp awgy AuWcy-AuWcy prbq vI Coty pY jFdy hn. iensfn afpxy POlfdI ierfdy, sKq imhnq aqy lgn nfl dunIaf dI hr iek kfmXfbI hfsl kr skdf hY. ieiqhfs ies gwl df gvfh hY dunIaf dIaF pRmuwK ÈKsIaqF dI idRV iewCf, ÈkqI, kTor sMklp, imhnq aqy lgn ny AunHF df nfm dunIaf Br `c rOÈn kIqf hY.
aijhy hI iek iensfn pRxb muKrjI hn, ijnHF ƒ lok ipafr nfl dfdf vI kihMdy hn. dyÈ dy sB qoN vwD snmfinq ahudy `qy ibrfjmfn hoey pRxb muKrjI df jnm pwCmI bMgfl dy imrfqI ipMz iËlHf bIrbHm ivwc 11 dsMbr 1935 eI[ ƒ ipqf iknkr muKrjI aqy mfqf rfjlkÈmI muKrjI dy Gr hoieaf. AunHF dy ipqf 1920 eI[ ivwc kFgrs pfrtI dy mYNbr rhy aqy 1952-64 bMgfl lYjIslytIv kONsl dy mYNbr vI rhy aqy Auh afpxy iËlHy dI kFgrs kmytI dy pRDfn vI rhy. lokF ivwc AunHF dy ipqf dI idwK iewk siqkfr Xog afËfdI GulftIey dI sI. aMgryËI hkUmq dy kfƒnF dI AulMGxf kfrn AunHF ƒ 10 sfl jylH vI kwtxI peI. pRxb muKrjI ƒ rfjnIqI aqy dyÈ BgqI dy gux afpxy pirvfr ivwcoN hI imly hn. AunHF ny afpxI pVHfeI klkwqf XUnIvristI dy aDIn afAuNdy kflj sUrI ivwidaf sfgr kflj, sUrI (bIrbHm) qoN pUrI kIqI. AunHF ny aYm ey ihstrI, aYm ey polIitkl sfieMs aqy aYlaYlbI dI pVHfeI kIqI hoeI hY. AunHF df ivafh suvrf muKrjI nfl 1957 ivwc hoieaf. AunHF dy do lVky aqy iek lVkI hY.
pRxb muKrjI kfPI lMmy smyN qwk dyÈ dy rfjnIiqk akfÈ ivwc DrUv qfry vFgU cmk dy rhy hn. ieMdrf gFDI ƒ afpxf gurU mMnx vfly pRxb muKrjI dI dyÈ ivwc rfjnIiqk ÈKsIaq sB qoN vwKrI rhI hY. AunHF dI afpxI pfrtI ivwc AunHF ƒ sMkt mocn dy qOr `qy jfixaf jFdf irhf hY, pr zUMGfeI nfl vyKx `qy pqf lwgdf hY ik Auh pUry dyÈ dy sMkt mocn rhy hn, BfvyN Auh mslf dyÈ dI arQivvsQf nfl juiVaf hovy, dyÈ dy ivkfs nfl jF iPr dyÈ sfhmxy pYdf hoeI koeI vwzI cuxOqI nfl, AunHF ny hr QF afpxI kuÈlqf df prIcy idwqf hY, Auh dyÈ dy mhfn arQÈfsqrI vI hn. iemrijMg mfrikt ny AunHF ƒ eyÈIaf dy nM : 1 ivwq mMqrI df iKqfb idwqf hY, dunIaf dy keI pRmuwK rsfilaF ny AunHF ƒ dunIaf dy pihlI kqfr dy ivwq mMqrI dI sUcI ivwc Èfml kIqf hY. ikqfbF pVHn imAUiËk suxn, zyarI aqy gfrzinMg df ÈOk rwKx vfly pRxb muKrjI bhuq hI sfdf jIvn ijAuxf psMd krdy hn. Auh awj vI afpxy purfxy Coty ijhy Gr ivwc rihMdy hn. svyr dI sYr df ÈOk rwKx vfly pRxb muKrjI iewk mhfn rfjnIqk afgU hox dy nfl-nfl iek mhfn lyKk vI hn. AunHF duafrf ilKIaF ikqfbF ny AunHF ƒ iewk hoxhfr aqy pRiswD lyKk vjoN AuBfiraf hY. Auh roËfnf iek ikqfb pVH ky soNdy hn.
pRxm muKrjI dI rfjnIiqk ÈurUafq 1969 eI[ ivwc rfj sBf df mYNbr bxn nfl hoeI. ies qoN bfad Auh keI vfr rfj sBf dy mYNbr rih cuwky hn. lok sBf ivwc Auh 2004 eI[ ivwc cux ky afey aqy 2009 eI[ ivwc iPr dubfrf lok sBf dy mYNbr bxy. 27 jnvrI 1978 eI[ ivwc Auh kFgrs vrikMg kmytI dy mYNbr bxy aqy 1986 qoN mYNbr rhy, iPr dubfrf 1997 qoN lgfqfr kFgrs vrikMg kmytI dy mYNbr rhy hn. Auh afl ieMzIaf kFgrs kmytI (eyafeIsIsI) ivwc keI aihm ahuidaF Aupr rhy hn. Auh sfP idl hn aqy iblkul sfP gwl krdy hn. kuJ aijhy hI kfrn sn ik AunHF ƒ kFgrs pfrtI qoN kuJ sfl bfhr rihxf ipaf, pr AunHF qoN ibnf kFgrs pfrtI vI kmËor pY geI. AunHF ny pfrtI ivwc afAuNidaF hI pfrtI ivwc nvIN jfn pf idwqI. Auh keI ivBfgF dy mMqrI rih cuwky hn. ivwq mMqrI dy qOr `qy Auh pUry dyÈ sfhmxy afpxI afriQk kuÈlqf df lohf mnvf cuwky hn. Auh 1973 qoN lgfqfr kyNdrI mMqrI mMzl ivwc rhy hn.
pRxb muKrjI ny Bfrq qoN bfhr vI afpxI mËbUq idwK df prIcy idwqf hY. AunHF ny keI vfr aMqrrfÈtrI mfmilaF ivwc BfrqI pRiqinDI mMzl dI pRDfngI kIqI hY, Auh BfvyN vrlz bYNk, afeI[aYm[aYP dI mIitMg hovy jF iPr eyÈIan izvYlpmYNt bYNk, zblXU[tI[E[ df mslf hovy, kfmnvYlQ dyÈF dI kfnPrYNs jF iPr XU[aYn[ dI jnrl asYNblI pRxb muKrjI ny hr QF afpxI kfblIaq mnvfeI hY. AunHF dI Xogqf aqy dUr aMdyÈI hI hY ik Auh isrP dyÈ hI nhIN sgoN dunIaf dIaF pRmuwK ÈKsIaqF ivwcoN iewk hn. AunHF dI kfblIaq dy kfrn hI AunHF ƒ pRmuwK aMqrrfÈtrI ahuidaF `qy ibrfjmfn hox df snmfn hfisl hoieaf. Auh afeI aYm aYP, vrlz bYNk, eyÈIan izvYlpmYNt bYNk, aPrIkn izvYlpmYNt bYNk dy borz afP gvrnrs ivwc afpxI BUimkf inBf cuwky hn. dunIaf vI AunHF dI ÈKsIaq df lohf mMndI hY.
aijhy ivakqI df dyÈ df rfÈtrpqI cuixaf jfxf byhwd snmfn aqy PÉr vflI gwl hY. dyÈ vfsIaF ƒ ieh pUrI AumId hY ik 24 GMty ivwc 48 GMty df kMm krn vfly pRxb muKrjI rfÈtrpqI dy ahudy ƒ vI nvyN aXfm dy skxgy aqy dyÈ ƒ iek nvI idÈf pRDfn krngy.
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